| Andhra
Pradesh (The Indian State) |
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Welcome
to the third largest state in India - Andhra Pradesh,
a State rich
in natural resources, cultural heritage,history and
most of all, an opportunity to explore them. Created
by combining the old princely state of Hyderabad with
the Telugu speaking portions of the former state of
Chennai, Andhra Pradesh to this day retains much of
its regal glory and mystic charm.
Geographically, the state
enjoys a strategic location. Most of it stands on
the high arid Deccan Plateau, sloping down to the
low-lying coastal region to the east where the mighty
Godavari and Krishna rivers consummate with the Bay
of Bengal. Andhra Pradesh is blessed with a charming
countryside, watered by 34 rivers and commands a 1000
km. coastline.
Rocks, forests, verdant green fields, lakes and golden beaches washed by the sea make Andhra Pradesh a fascinating state and one that is ideally suited for wildlife. There are about 20 notified sanctuaries in the state and each of them is home to a variety of rare animal species such as the Great Indian Bustard,
Nilgai, etc.
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| General
Information |
| State
Capital |
Hyderabad |
| Population
('000s in 1991) |
66,508 |
| Area
('000 sq. km) |
275 |
| Females
per 1000 males (1991) |
972 |
| Literacy
rate (1991) |
44.1 |
| Ratio
of urban population (1991) |
26.9 |
| Net
Domestic Product (Rs. million at current prices
in 1992-93) |
397,040 |
| Per
Capita Income (Rs. at current prices in 1992-93) |
5,802 |
| Principal
Languages |
Telugu and Urdu |
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| History |
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Centuries
ago, Andhra Pradesh was a major Buddhist centre
and part of Emperor Ashoka's sprawling kingdom.
Not surprisingly, traces of early Buddhist influence
are still visible in several places in and around
the state. After the death of Emperor Ashoka, the
Satavahanas established their kingdom in this region.
During the 7th century, the Chalukyas held sway
over Andhra Pradesh until the 10th century, when
the Cholas seized power. In the 14th century, Muslim
power reached this southern state and for centuries
ruled over this princely state and finally was taken
over by a General of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
in 1713. The successors of the General, known as
Nizams, ruled the state till Indian Independence.
Successive dynasties from the Ikshvakus, Pallavas,
Chalukyas, Kakatiyas, Vijayanagaram kings, Qutb
Shahis, Mughals and the Asaf Jahis, have contributed
significantly to the State's rich cultural tapestry
and have left behind a heritage studded with spectacular
monuments, temples, mosques, palaces all vibrant
with arts, crafts, dance and literature.
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| Heritage |
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Beautiful
crafts, exquisite remnants of a glorious past, vibrant
religious festivals, irresistible delicacies together
with the charming people and the sonorant mother
tongue Telugu, are some of the indelible impressions
of this state.
The sky-scrapes of the state present a montage of
architectural styles, replete with astonishing sculpture
and splendid edifices left behind by several dynasties.
Hyderabad, the state capital, is a historic city,
and is famous as the former seat of the wealthy
Nizams. Charminar, Salar Jung Museum and the mighty
Golconda Fort are some of the famous heritage spots
in the city.
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| Agriculture |
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Agriculture
is the main occupation of about 70% of the people
in Andhra Pradesh. The main crops are rice,
maize, millets, pulses, castor, tobacco, cotton,
sugarcane, groundnut and banana. The covered forest
area in the state is about 23%, and important forest
products include teak, eucalyptus, cashew, bamboo
and soft wood. Some of the major industries in the
state are machine tools, synthetic drugs, pharmaceuticals,
heavy electrical machinery, ships, fertilizers,
electronic equipment, aeronautical parts, cement
and cement products, chemicals, asbestos, glass
and watches. Important minerals found in the state
are copper ore, manganese, mica, coal and limestone.
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| Cuisine
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Cuisine
of Andhra Pradesh has a distinct flavor and is relished
by many epicureans. Rice is the staple food
and chillies dominate the native taste. The ubiquitous
Andhra pickle, spicy in taste and flavor is the
most appetising dish. Even Gongura chutneys enhance
the basic flavor of a meal. Papads roasted or fried
are an often-preferred addition. To round off a
sumptuous lunch, kheers, a variety of sweets and
paans are veritable specialties.
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