The history of Chhattisgarh can be traced back to very early times when it was known as South Kosala. The Aryan migrants to the South passed through it. It was a cradle of highly interesting experiments in art and culture. Recent archaeological excavations conducted in the area have led to discoveries of a wealth of inscriptions and coins which throw a flood of light on the history and culture of South Kosala.

Bastar is tribal country. The Gonds in Bastar remain perhaps the least in contact with the world outside due to the remoteness and ruggedness of the terrain. It is also the home of the Marias and the Murias who have preserved very remarkably their distinct way of life in small isolated communities. These are the indigenous people of Madhya Pradesh whose customs and beliefs are still intact.